EPM INFORMATION
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EPM Lesion Sites and Symptoms
** While these symptoms are in no way
all that may be associated with EPM, they are the ones
most commonly exhibited by members' horses here at ESN. Most horses
will demonstrate one of more of these symptoms at some time in their
life, and that is not cause for alarm. It is the *accumulation* of symptoms
that tends to indicate the likelihood of a protozoan infection.
Cerebrum:
Altered behavior
Mentation
Consciousness
Mild weakness
Mild depression
Aimless wandering
Seizures
Blindness w/normal pupillary light response
Cerebellum:
Altered behavior
Intention tremors
Hypermetria
Hypertonicity
Abnormal menace response
Cranial Intumescence (C8-T2):
Profound weakness
Hypoflexia in front limbs and
Hyperflexion to normoreflexin in rear limbs
Caudal Intumescence (L4-S2):
Normal front limbs
Proufound weakness and
Hypoflexia in rear limbs
Horse may "dog sit"
Peripheral Nerves of Caudal Equina (>S2):
Normal front and read limbs
Tail weakness
Bladder atony
Perianal hypalgesia
Peripheral Nerves of Limbs and Face:
Profound muscle atrophy
Weakness
Hyporeflexia
Hypotonicity
Decreased pain
Cervical Spinal Cord:
Ataxia
Weakness
Spasticity in all four limbs (w/rear limbs more spastic than front limbs)
Brainstem:
Dementia
Altered behavior
Severe depression
Weakness
Semicoma
Cranial nerve signs
Ataxia
Spasticity
Narrow circling
Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord:
Mild ataxia
Weakness in rear limbs
Normal front limbs
It is our hope that, through an awareness of these symptoms, an earlier
diagnosis of EPM can be made, enhancing the chance of the horse's recovery.
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